Sanguine temperament type: characteristics and description

Sculpture "Sanguine" by Johann Gottfried Knöffler (1715-1779)
Sanguine

(Latin sanguis,
sanguis
, “blood”[1][2][3], “life force”[1][2]) - one of the four types of temperament in the Hippocratic classification (predominance of blood). A person of sanguine temperament can be described as lively, active, and relatively easily experiencing failures and troubles[3][4]. Alexander Ivanovich Herzen, the Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, as well as Napoleon Bonaparte had this temperament[3].

A sanguine person is a person characterized by high mental activity, energy, efficiency, speed and vivacity of movements, variety and richness of facial expressions, and a fast pace of speech [4] [5]. A sanguine person strives for frequent changes of impressions, easily and quickly responds to surrounding events, and is sociable[4][5]. Emotions in a sanguine person are predominantly positive; they arise quickly and quickly change [4] [5]. He quickly adapts to new conditions and quickly gets along with people[3]. His feelings easily arise and are replaced by new ones, he is characterized by expressiveness, but sometimes inconstancy[3].

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov believed that in a sanguine person the excitatory and inhibitory processes are quite strong, balanced and mobile [5]. He [Pavlov] classified this type of temperament as a strong type[6]. Under unfavorable conditions and negative educational influences, this mobility can result in a lack of concentration, unjustified haste in actions and superficiality[5].

Who is a sanguine person: description

A sanguine person is a person who can be described as a cheerful optimist and who is constantly on the move.
The peculiarity of the behavior of these people is explained by increased excitability. This forces them to constantly be the center of attention. Sanguine people are very responsive and friendly.

They always have a lot of friends and acquaintances. They easily make contact and are able to find a common language with almost any person.

A sanguine person simply cannot sit still.

The sanguine person himself makes his life rich, bright and interesting. Everything that happens around is perceived by a sanguine person only in rainbow colors. It is not surprising that representatives of this temperament are unsurpassed speakers. They are able to vividly and captivatingly retell any event, even the most ordinary one.

We also recommend reading: Who is a phlegmatic person?

Notes

1. ↑ 1 2
   Great Soviet Encyclopedia: In 30 volumes - M.: “Soviet Encyclopedia”, 1969-1978.
2. ↑ 1 2
   Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. - 2000.
3. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 I. M. Kondakov
   . Psychological Dictionary. - 2000.
4. ↑ 1 2 3 4
   Dictionary of a practical psychologist. — M.: AST, Harvest. S. Yu. Golovin, 1998.
5. ↑ 12345
   Brief psychological dictionary. — Rostov-on-Don: “PHOENIX”. L. A. Karpenko, A. V. Petrovsky, M. G. Yaroshevsky, 1998.
6. Psychological Dictionary

The psyche and memory of sanguine people

Due to the fact that people of this type have a high degree of excitation of the nervous system and a low threshold for its inhibition, they perceive the world in the form of vivid images.
They have well-developed attention, thinking and memory. They themselves do not notice how they remember everything that attracted their attention, the rest they quickly forget. That is, a sanguine person may not remember your name, date of birth and other boring details.

However, he will definitely remember you if he is attracted by your clothes, speech, face or other bright details. If the attention of a sanguine person is attracted by something in your image, then he will be able to describe it in the smallest detail.

In addition, representatives of this type easily find differences between twins, since they perceive people not only visually, but also notice all the smallest details of their behavior.

Melancholic: characteristics of temperament

Literature

• Great Soviet Encyclopedia: In 30 volumes - M.: “Soviet Encyclopedia”, 1969-1978.
• Brief psychological dictionary. — Rostov-on-Don: “PHOENIX”. L. A. Karpenko, A. V. Petrovsky, M. G. Yaroshevsky, 1998.
• Dictionary of a practical psychologist. — M.: AST, Harvest. S. Yu. Golovin, 1998.
• I. M. Konakov
  . Psychological Dictionary. - 2000.
• Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. - 2000.

Emotional background

All sanguine people are very emotional and do not hesitate to show their experiences to other people.
They are characterized by active gestures, warm handshakes and kisses when meeting. They are simply unable to hold all experiences within themselves. It is not surprising that they cannot remain in the shadows and constantly distract the attention of others. The ability to interest other people and completely capture their attention makes them excellent speakers and politicians.

Another distinctive feature of sanguine people is their unconventional thinking and curiosity. The constant desire to learn something new forces the restless person to constantly change his hobbies and type of activity. It is not surprising that sanguine people love to travel, and routine, monotonous work leads them to prolonged depression.

Combination of temperaments: how to be able to use the advantages of each

Test: am I sanguine?

Try to determine if you are sanguine. Answer the statements “yes” or “no”; if you answered “yes” to 90% of the statements, then you have a “sanguine” temperament type. If only in half the cases, remember that a “pure” temperament is rare, and the traits of a sanguine person, as a rule, are combined with the traits of a choleric or phlegmatic person. This simple test will tell you how pronounced your sanguine traits are.

You are sanguine if you:

• fast;
• active;
• alive;
• frivolous;
• communicable;
• love to talk;
• carefree;
• have high efficiency;
• easy to communicate and even superficial;
• responsive to the requests of others, sensitive to their desires;
• sociable, very talkative;
• friendly;
• easily adapt to new situations and conditions;
• bright person, artistic;
• you quickly run out of patience;
• avoid responsibility;
• changeable in his desires, fickle;
• flexible;
• have a positive outlook on the world;
• you are almost always in a state of happiness

Home, love, friendship, family

A sanguine person always has many friends and admirers.
He is a very sympathetic friend, but he has one drawback - he often makes promises that he then cannot keep. However, friends forgive this shortcoming of a cheerful and positive friend. At the same time, increased sociability creates barriers to starting a family. The other half of a sanguine person must be prepared for the constant presence in the house of guests and fans of an irrepressible optimist.

What you need to know about the compatibility of temperament types in relationships

General characteristics of a sanguine person

People who belong to the “sanguine” temperament type are resistant to various psychological stresses.
Even in an emergency situation, they can keep emotions and feelings in balance and act calmly. They easily adapt to circumstances. Sanguine people have high social adaptability and their behavior is very flexible. It is easy for a sanguine person to switch from one thing to another, and he takes on new things with ease. Such a person has a huge amount of vital energy. But he can maintain it precisely thanks to the constant change of actions and vivid impressions that he receives daily. If the source of new impressions dries up and his day becomes monotonous, the sanguine person will become lethargic and indifferent.

The sanguine psychotype should not be considered the best of all; it has many advantages, but also has its disadvantages. Strengths of a sanguine person:

• the soul of the party, he will cheer everyone up;
• easy-going, balanced person;
• an excellent speaker has the gift of persuasion;
• Sanguine people have a good sense of time and manage it. They always manage to do more than others in the same period of time.

Weaknesses of sanguine people:

• in communication they are superficial, which is why they may not have real friends, while having a huge number of acquaintances.;
• loves new experiences, leads an overly active lifestyle, which is why he may not have a family, since he does not feel such a need or sees a family as a limitation of his freedom;
• quickly lights up with an idea, but quickly loses interest in anything;
• may promise a lot, but not always keep his promises.

For a sanguine person, professional areas are suitable where he can use his gift of persuasion and communication skills: advertising, marketing, sales, leadership positions, advocacy, coaching, personnel selection.

Who is a sanguine person?

A sanguine person is a type of temperament characterized by energy and activity, high performance and a positive outlook on the world. The name comes from the ancient Greek word "sangua", which means blood. It was the predominance of this “life juice” in the body that Hippocrates and Galen explained the cheerful behavior of sanguine people.

Take a temperament test

Having quite clearly divided people into four psychological types, ancient philosophers accurately determined who a sanguine person was and what could be expected from him. They focused on the following behavioral features of sanguine people: mobility, energy, efficiency, endurance, sociability .

It is worth mentioning their sense of humor, ability to easily cope with difficult situations, and positive thinking. Sanguine people are good communicators, leaders, and creative individuals. Being born leaders, they tend to engage in entrepreneurial activities.

There are many sanguine people among artists, composers, writers, managers, teachers, politicians, and businessmen. Famous sanguine people include Napoleon Bonaparte, Alexander Ivanovich Herzen, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Louis Pasteur, Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Antonio Vivaldi, Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, Mark Twain, Honore de Balzac, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin), Franklin Roosevelt, Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton.

How to raise a sanguine person?

A smart, funny guy and a restless guy . These words are the first to come to mind when trying to describe the little sanguine boy. Therefore, parents should not expect hysterics at the slightest provocation. But you will have to curb your child’s energy. Otherwise, the entire apartment, including expensive wallpaper and curtains, will become a creative platform for him.

You should recognize the child’s talents as quickly as possible, understand his inclinations and interests. Next, it remains to channel all his potential into a constructive direction, not letting him get bored even for a minute . Do not forget about the leadership inclinations of sanguine people. Screams, prohibitions and punishments will cause internal protest in the child. The best way to explain something to him is through joint creativity or play.

Judging by this article, real luck is finding out that you are sanguine. The description of this type of temperament shows the presence of many qualities characteristic of leaders. But in order for a sanguine person to be able to realize himself, he should suppress the negative manifestations of his nature. First of all, this concerns fleetingness and superficiality. In any case, a sanguine person is a very charismatic person with whom you will never be bored.

Take a character test

Character

Men

A sanguine man has energy and a certain charisma, and women really like him. Even if his appearance is not that of a model, his inner strength easily compensates for everything. He is not used to constancy, so he is often single.

If a sanguine person sees an attractive woman, he will immediately want to start dating her. It is quite difficult for him ; he will think about this step for a long time. A sanguine person does not like conflicts, so he will choose an appropriate partner for himself.

And if he decided to get married, it means that he thought everything through carefully.

for him to enjoy life together , and not to spend his days in jealousy.

Such men love their work and enjoy it, especially if the activity involves a change in activity and location.

Which hand is better for an ambidextrous person? Find out the answer right now!

Women

A sanguine woman is a very bright personality, she has many friends, she knows what she deserves. Positive energy overflows, so he is popular at work and among friends.

She is constantly active and cannot sit idle for even an hour. Feelings often take precedence over reason, so she often changes lovers. Men like sanguine women because you won’t get bored with them.

Such women often dream, get excited about new ideas, and if something doesn’t work out, they don’t get upset, but find something new.

They will never engage in uninteresting work, they are not afraid of difficult tasks, the main thing is that interest is constantly fueled , and no matter how complex the task is.

child

A child with a sanguine temperament is distinguished by his mobility , he loves to communicate with everyone, and quickly finds friends.

Cannot stand loneliness and may begin to demand attention. Likes to walk in parks and participate in outdoor games.

In studies, grades are usually low, because it is quite difficult to concentrate on one thing. He will try to skip subjects that are not of interest, but he can succeed in those disciplines that interest him.

Often a sanguine child joins a company and comes under the influence of other people . This can be bad and good. He is very fickle, he gets bored with activities, toys, he can easily stop doing one thing and switch to another.

Often self-esteem is too high, so you need to praise only deservedly, so that later there is no excessive pride and arrogance.

Tips from a psychologist on raising sanguine children:

Sanguine man

This type of man is very charming and charismatic. He may have a completely ordinary appearance, but attract a large number of women with his inner strength and energy.

It is very difficult for representatives of the fairer sex to resist his charms. However, at the same time, a sanguine man remains bachelor for quite a long time due to his frivolity and inconstancy. Having achieved the girl he likes, he very quickly loses interest in her.

If such a man decides to get married, it means he has thought everything through well. And this marriage will become a new exciting stage for him. The main thing is that the chosen one constantly stirs up his interest. But not at the expense of scandals and scenes of jealousy, because a sanguine man does not tolerate conflicts, but loves to enjoy life. By the way, he himself is not jealous at all.

Description and type of temperament

Sanguine people are distinguished by the fact that their nervous system is quite mobile and resistant to stress . Sanguine people are very mobile, have a quick reaction to all events, and are restless.

They react immediately to everything around them and are not very sad about troubles or disruptions in plans. Facial expressions are usually very rich, the face is lively. Sanguine people can work very productively if everything is interesting, they can move mountains.

If the work does not arouse interest , then the sanguine person quickly loses all zeal and is overcome by boredom.

Scientists say that a sanguine person is very productive if the nervous system is excited, an impulse is constantly needed that will push him to activity, in the absence of interest, the nervous system becomes sluggish, the person becomes bored, and interest in work is lost.

Those with a sanguine temperament adapt well to changing living conditions , easily get along with all people, and have an easy-going character. His mood changes quickly, his attention moves from one object to another.

He always feels “at ease” , there is no constraint, he quickly switches attention between different activities, his emotions are stable.

They easily succeed in work that requires quick reaction, attention to several objects, and great effort.

What characterizes the sanguine temperament? Find out from the video:

Adults and children

A sanguine man is recognized by the following manifestations:

• passionate, charismatic, charming, successful with people of the opposite sex, even if outwardly unattractive;
• such a guy is fickle, which is why he can be single for a long time;
• often such men are womanizers and cannot pass by an attractive young lady;
• The decision to get married is always thoughtful and serious; a partner is chosen in accordance with all one’s requirements.

A sanguine woman has the following signs:

• bright personality, successful in family and friendship;
• in a team it’s easy to identify such a young lady with great passion and positive energy;
• she will not sit for a long time without action, she is always active;
• The feelings of such a young lady prevail over reason, as a result of which she is inclined to often change partners and fall in love;
• The stronger sex will like such a girl, because she is a passionate person, you won’t be bored with her;
• a sanguine woman is purposeful, stops at nothing on the way to her goal;
• she is a dreamer, failures do not frighten her;
• she will not engage in uninteresting work, she will find something she likes.

The following manifestations may indicate that your child is sanguine:

• such a toddler is full of optimism;
• there are always a lot of children around him, he is the center of attention;
• if you leave the baby alone, he will definitely start crying;
• he really likes walks;
• at school he excels only in some subjects, and lags behind in others;
• often finds himself under the influence of other people, it is possible to fall into bad company;
• such a child is fickle and quickly loses interest in toys;
• his self-esteem is usually inflated. Such a child needs to be praised only deservedly, otherwise it will further fuel inflated self-esteem.

The little sanguine person is a cheerful and restless baby. He doesn't throw tantrums over anything, but he is hyperactive, which may frighten some parents. Like adult representatives of the sanguine temperament, the child loves to be the center of attention and tries in every way to attract this attention.

The child is extremely curious about everything that surrounds him and loves to talk with everyone he meets. This is fraught with the fact that he can easily fall under the influence of other people - both positive and negative.

It is difficult for a little sanguine person to concentrate on studies, especially on those subjects that are not interesting to him. Most often he simply ignores them.

To parents who recognize their child in the above description, I want to give several recommendations:

1. Try to recognize the child’s inclinations and abilities as early as possible in order to direct his irrepressible energy in a constructive direction. Both sports and creativity are equally suitable for both boys and girls. Otherwise, they will begin to realize their potential right in the apartment, using wallpaper, curtains and other interior items.
2. Praise your child carefully and only when he has actually done something for it. Excessive praise can cause inflated self-esteem, which is already inflated in a young sanguine person.
3. Being fickle, the child often demands more and more new toys. You shouldn't follow his lead. Just look at previous purchases with your child, discovering new properties in them and inventing new interesting games.
4. Teach your child responsibility. Monitor his activity and manifestations of imbalance. Just do it delicately, without getting angry, firmly and persistently explaining what he is wrong about.

I advise you to watch a short video with advice from an experienced psychologist.

Temperament in psychology and its meaning

It can sometimes be very difficult to correctly characterize a person’s temperament, because its development is influenced by many factors, such as upbringing or living conditions, which can change greatly over time. The most likely factors influencing the development of a person’s temperament also include the conditions in which a person was raised. The influence of heredity on temperament type has not yet been fully studied, so it is impossible to say with any certainty how important this fact is. A person’s morality in social relationships also does not depend on temperament. After all, people who are part of a large group with important common values ​​have completely different temperaments, which does not bother them at all.

“If a child has a set of character traits that can clearly be attributed to one of the personality types, this does not exclude an individual approach to instilling in him the best qualities of character. But you can very successfully use some tips that help you cope with the shortcomings of each personality type.”

For example, if a melancholic person is constantly supported with approval, then diligence can be very successfully cultivated in him. To raise a sanguine person, on the contrary, you need to be stricter and more often control his behavior.

It should be noted that when choosing a future profession, personality type should not be considered a fundamental factor, but you still need to pay attention to it. The presence of certain qualities in a person can help him in further advancement up the professional ladder, but it can also hinder him in working in his specialty.

In such cases (when temperamental traits do not allow a person to develop professionally), it is possible to apply a set of techniques that are very effective in such a situation, which each person must develop for himself individually in the process of his previous activities. The combination of such qualities that make a person’s life more convenient and comfortable is called “individual style.” With its help you can almost always achieve your most desired goals.

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Definition

Temperament is the concept of basic personality in psychology, usually assumed to be biologically determined and present in the early stages of life.

It includes such characteristics as:

• energy level;
• emotional responsiveness;
• behavior;
• mood;
• reaction rate;
• behavioral inhibition;
• willingness to explore.

In behavior, temperament is defined as the constitutional nature of the reaction of a person with a similar range of characteristics. In every population, there are individuals who exhibit high levels of exploratory behavior towards novel traits, while others exhibit neophobia.

Temperament in psychology

Temperament is a person's characteristic level of emotional excitability or intensity that is usually recognized within the first few weeks after birth.

It is often thought to be an early sign of personality, although personality combines temperament with experience to form lifelong traits. This feature of the concept was formed by Darwin, who studied the behavior of animals.

The Greek physician Hippocrates also created the theory of definition. He differentiated people depending on the liquid that predominated in the human body - phlegm, blood, bile or black bile.

Depending on the predominance of one factor or another, an individual set of reactions was determined. They, in turn, constituted a class of reactions, behavioral characteristics and attitude of a person. Hippocrates' theory went down in history under the name of the humoral theory of temperament.

C. G. Jung decided that his theory of psychoanalysis “works” differently - he called temperament a way of replenishing the individual’s energy, which is absorbed and spent on a specific object:

• The introverted attitude gave rise to an abstractive reaction, which in essence implied caring. This includes Freud's concept of sexuality: a person cares about someone as long as he wants to be subservient to the object of desire.
• Extroverted behavior - this is a reflection of a personal present attitude towards an object that is not worthy of care and attention. A temperamental person will never waste his energy on something that does not excite him.

The first type of temperament allows you to see how people are ready to “sacrifice” themselves for the sake of someone. This is a disservice, a good that is not expected. The second type is personified by a cold-blooded individual who is not ready to simply waste his attention on the object of his desire.

Despite this, an introvert will try to protect himself from the attention of a similar person, and an extrovert will allow himself to be taken care of. Such an object is of no value to the extrovert, and therefore the latter will not attach importance to his actions. People say about this fact: “allows oneself to be loved.”

The first psychophysiologist was I.P. Pavlov, who studied temperament as the basis of psychophysiological analysis.

In his works, he defined the concept by the following factors:

• conditioned reflex activity;
• differences in aspects of reflex-attenuation of interests;
• conditionality of nervous processes;
• the fundamental nature of the excitation properties of human neurons and nerve cells.

On the basis of this, V.S. Merlin laid the foundation for a new area of ​​experimentation and research in the field of temperament, calling the process integral individuality. The scientist studied the connection between the properties of temperaments and the nervous system.