Prohibited during pregnancy
Prohibited during breastfeeding
Not suitable for children
Can be taken by older people
Has limitations for liver problems
Has limitations for kidney problems
Special medications – antidepressants – are used to treat depressive conditions. They may belong to different groups, but have a similar effect on the human body. The most widely used are tetracyclic antidepressants, in particular the popular drug Mirtazapine, which, according to the instructions for use, is effective for various types of anxiety disorders, depressive and panic moods, and sleep disorders.
General information about the drug Mirtazapine
Mirtazapine is a chemical that affects central and peripheral neurotransmitters. Medications based on it can affect a person’s mental state.
Drug group, INN, scope of use
Preparations containing mirtazapine belong to a large group of drugs – tetracyclic antidepressants. Such drugs are used to eliminate the negative symptoms of a depressive state - depression, mood lability, loss of interest in life, sleep disturbances.
The international nonproprietary name of the drug is determined by the content of the active component in it, which affects the body in one way or another. In this case, the INN of Mirtazapine is the same as the trade name.
The scope of application of the drug is psychiatry. It is prescribed to people suffering from depression.
Release form, price
The drug is available in the form of tablets for oral use. They have a round convex shape and a yellowish color. They are packaged in plastic blisters of 10 pieces. A cardboard box contains 20 or 30 tablets.
The cost of the medicine is determined by the content of the active substance in 1 tablet, their quantity in the package, as well as the manufacturer. Prices may vary in different pharmacies in Russian cities:
Medicine | Pharmacy, city | Price in rubles |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | Online pharmacy "DIALOG", Moscow | 593 |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | BALTIKA-MED, St. Petersburg | 725 |
Mirtazapine 45 mg, No. 30 | BALTIKA-MED, St. Petersburg | about 845 |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | GORZDRAV, Moscow and region | 750 |
Mirtazapine 45 mg, No. 30 | GORZDRAV, Moscow and region | 845 |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | Online pharmacy “36.6”, Moscow | 750 |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | "Mariinskaya Pharmacy", St. Petersburg | 835 |
Mirtazapine 30 mg, No. 30 | Farmalizing LLC, St. Petersburg | 778 |
The table shows prices for domestically produced drugs (Canonpharma Production CJSC).
Compound
The drug contains the active substance mirtazapine. In 1 tablet it can be 15 or 30 mg (45 mg for Mirtazapine Canon). Additionally it contains:
- auxiliary components – corn starch, lactose, hydroxypropylcellulose, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide;
- the constituent ingredients of the film shell are hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, dyes - yellow iron oxide, yellow quinoline and sunset yellow E 110 (15 mg of mirtazapine per tablet) or red, yellow and black iron oxide (30 mg).
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics are ensured by the action of the active component of mirtazapine. This substance is capable of blocking central inhibitory alpha2-adrenergic receptors in synaptic and postsynaptic structures of the brain, which enhances serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission of nerve impulses. Mirtazapine is also an antagonist of some histamine receptors (sedative effect).
The active substance can influence peripheral muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic receptors. This often leads to side effects - the development of orthostatic hypotension and anticholinergic effects.
Mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetic features of mirtazapine:
- rapid and complete absorption from the digestive organs;
- the highest amount in the blood is observed 2 hours after ingestion;
- a stable concentration develops after 5 days of taking doses from 15 to 80 mg per day;
- bioavailability is just over 50%;
- connection with blood proteins – about 80%;
- biotransformed in the liver by hydroxylation and demethylation;
- excreted primarily by the kidneys, only 15% is excreted in feces;
- half-life lasts from 20 to 40 hours (in men this process occurs faster than in women).
The drug has antidepressant, as well as anxiolytic and hypnotic effects. Therefore, it is effective for the treatment of depression, which is accompanied by anxiety and sleep disturbances.
Its effect is observed after 1 or 2 weeks of regular use.
Mirtazapine Canon
A distinctive feature of this drug is its manufacturer - the Russian pharmaceutical company CJSC Canonpharma Production. It also contains a slightly different amount of active ingredient – 30 or 45 mg. Indications, contraindications, and side effects of this drug are identical for all drugs with mirtazapine.
Analogs
There are many drugs that contain the active ingredient mirtazapine. They are sold under different trade names. The most famous of them:
- Calixta;
- Remeron;
- Mirtazonal;
- Mirzaten Ku-tab;
- Noxibel;
- Mirtalan.
They have identical composition and mechanism of action. These products differ in manufacturer and, accordingly, in price.
See also:
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Drug interactions
Pharmacokinetic interaction
When using mirtazapine, intensive metabolism occurs with the participation of the CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 isoenzymes, the CYP1A2 isoenzyme takes part in the process to a lesser extent. When studying the interaction of mirtazapine and paroxetine in healthy volunteers, it was shown that paroxetine (an inhibitor of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme) has no effect on the pharmacokinetics of mirtazapine at steady state.
During combined therapy with ketoconazole (a potent inhibitor of the CYP3A4 isoenzyme), an increase in the maximum plasma concentration level and AUC value (area under the concentration-time curve) of mirtazapine is observed by approximately 40 and 50%, respectively. When prescribing Mirtazapine Canon with potent inhibitors of the CYP3A4 isoenzyme (HIV protease inhibitors, azole antifungal drugs, erythromycin, nefazodone), caution must be exercised.
Inducers of the CYP3A4 isoenzyme (carbamazepine, phenytoin) lead to an approximately twofold increase in the clearance of mirtazapine, which causes a decrease in its plasma concentration by 45–60%. When adding carbamazepine or another inducer of hepatic metabolism (for example, rifampicin) to therapy, an increase in the dose of mirtazapine may be required. After discontinuation of such an inducer, the dose of Mirtazapine Canon can be reduced.
When used in combination with cimetidine, the bioavailability of mirtazapine may increase significantly, which requires dose adjustment of Mirtazapine Canon.
Pharmacodynamic interaction
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors: combined use, as well as the use of Mirtazapine Canon for 14 days after the end of their use is contraindicated; treatment with these drugs can be started no earlier than 14 days after stopping taking mirtazapine;
- benzodiazepines and other sedatives (in particular most H1-histamine receptor antagonists, opioids, antipsychotics): their sedative properties may be enhanced;
- alcohol: its inhibitory effect on the central nervous system is enhanced, so alcohol consumption should be avoided during therapy;
- serotonergic drugs (including triptan, L-tryptophan, linezolid, tramadol, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine, lithium preparations, St. John's wort preparations): with combined use, the development of serotonin syndrome is possible;
- warfarin (with 30 mg mirtazapine per day): there is a small but statistically significant increase in the INR (International Normalized Ratio), so a more pronounced effect with therapy using a higher dose of mirtazapine cannot be excluded; during combination therapy, monitoring of the INR value is recommended.
Indications and restrictions for taking Mirtazapine
Prescribing the drug requires special indications. Its use is advisable for depressive conditions that are accompanied by:
- anxiety;
- mood lability;
- psychomotor retardation;
- sleep disturbance;
- loss of interest in life, thoughts of suicide;
- weight loss.
The medication is strictly contraindicated in the presence of intolerance to its components, as well as in combination with MAO inhibitors. It is also not prescribed to children and adolescents under 18 years of age. Children treated with antidepressants often experienced thoughts of suicide, aggressive and hostile behavior, and anger. In addition, there is no data on the safety of long-term use of the drug in children.
Side effects
The following conditions are considered contraindications for use:
- epilepsy or organic pathologies of the brain (increased risk of developing convulsive conditions);
- severe forms of kidney or liver failure (clearance of the active substance decreases);
- cardiac pathologies - severe angina, heart attack, cardiac conduction disorders;
- cerebrovascular diseases;
- low blood pressure;
- increased intraocular pressure, presence of glaucoma;
- diabetes;
- disturbance of the outflow of urine, for example, due to prostate hyperplasia;
- mania, hypomania;
- dependence on psychoactive drugs.
Animal studies show the possibility of developing a negative effect of mirtazapine on the fetus (decreased birth weight, the occurrence of arterial hypotension, increased risk of mortality). Therefore, the drug can be prescribed to pregnant women only if absolutely necessary.
Breastfeeding women should not take the medicine. If this is necessary, then you need to stop breastfeeding.
See also:
Trazodone - instructions for use, analogues and reviews of the drug
special instructions
As stated in the instructions, Mirtazapine Canon should not be taken with alcoholic beverages. In some cases, suicidal tendencies have been observed during concomitant use of antidepressants and alcohol. If the drug is abruptly discontinued, headache and nausea may occur.
The intervals between taking an antidepressant can be increased, but it is possible to completely abandon this drug only after some time. You need to be very careful when prescribing the drug to people suffering from schizophrenia or other mental disorders, as the symptoms of the disease may increase.
Patients with suicidal tendencies should be under the supervision of the attending physician throughout the entire course of therapy. At the initial stage of treatment, suicidal tendencies may increase. This risk also remains during the recovery phase, as the patient goes through the acute stage.
At the very beginning of treatment for a suicidal person, the minimum dosage of medication should be prescribed, which is then gradually increased. Patients over 70 years of age need to be very careful while taking the drug. In some cases, there is a sharp decrease in the level of leukocytes in the blood.
If bone marrow suppression occurs, treatment with antidepressants should be stopped immediately. It is worth paying attention to symptoms such as:
- a sore throat;
- stomatitis;
- fever.
In this case, therapy is suspended and a blood test is prescribed. The same goes for hepatitis. In case of this disease, taking the drug Mirtazapine Canon should be stopped immediately. If a person has epilepsy or other brain damage, then medication intake should be minimal. When the disease worsens, antidepressants are discontinued.
The drug may increase blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. In this case, do not stop taking the drug, but increase the amount of insulin. The patient is transferred under close supervision of the attending physician.
Mirtazapine Canon is not prescribed for complex hereditary diseases, in particular, such as lactose intolerance. During the course of therapy, it is not recommended to drive a car or other vehicle. The same applies to people whose professions require increased concentration and reaction speed.
During pregnancy, the medicine can be used only if absolutely necessary. No obvious side effects were identified, but there is still a possibility of complications in the fetus. And you should also not use antidepressants during lactation.
Instructions for use of Mirtazapine
It is important to use the drug correctly. In this case, the following recommendations must be followed:
- The tablets are drunk whole, washed down with plenty of liquid.
- The starting dose for an adult is 15 to 30 mg per day. The dose can then be increased to 30 or 45 mg.
- The effect of mirtazapine appears after 1 or 2 weeks of regular use. If this does not occur, it is recommended to increase the dose. If no positive treatment result is observed over the next 4 weeks, then the drug should be discontinued.
- Considering the half-life (more than 20 hours), the drug can be taken once a day. The best time to take it is in the evening before going to bed. It is possible to divide the daily dose into 2 times, most of which is taken at night.
- Elderly patients do not need to reduce the dosage. But their treatment is carried out under the supervision of a specialist.
- In initial forms of liver or kidney failure, it is recommended to start treatment with minimal doses. It is important to monitor creatinine clearance.
- Depression can be treated over a long period of time. Therefore, the course of taking antidepressants cannot be less than 6 months. The therapeutic course lasts until the negative symptoms disappear completely.
Action of Mirtazapine
You should not suddenly stop taking the medicine. This may trigger the development of withdrawal syndrome. This may cause dizziness, excessive agitation, nausea, anxiety and headache.
Side effects and overdose
It is often difficult to identify signs of overdose, since they may be a manifestation of the patient's depressive state. The most common negative reactions to the drug are drowsiness and fatigue, increased appetite and weight gain, sedation and attacks of dizziness. The following side effects may also occur:
- confusion;
- disturbance of mental activity;
- asthenic syndrome;
- sleep disturbance (insomnia, unusual dreams, nightmares);
- mania;
- agitation;
- hallucinations;
- psychomotor agitation;
- aggressiveness;
- anxiety;
- thoughts or attempts of suicide;
- headache;
- inhibition of reactions;
- numbness of the limbs, impaired sensitivity;
- trembling of body parts;
- fainting conditions;
- twitching of muscle groups;
- convulsive conditions;
- numbness of the mouth;
- dysarthria;
Dysarthria
- restless legs syndrome;
- hematopoietic disorders (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, agranulocytosis);
- hyponatremia;
- development of orthostatic hypotension;
- general decrease or increase in blood pressure;
- cardiopalmus;
- dry mouth or increased salivation;
- swelling of the oral mucosa;
- digestive disorders (attacks of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, dyspepsia);
- pancreatitis;
- rhinitis, pharyngitis;
- increased activity of liver enzymes;
- delayed urine outflow, increased urination;
- increased sweating;
- pain in muscles, joints, back;
- decreased sexual desire;
- addition of infection;
- visual disturbances;
- distortion of taste perception;
- peripheral edema (generalized or localized);
- flu-like symptoms;
- allergic reactions on the skin (redness, itching, rashes, dermatitis, erythema, necrosis of the surface layers of the skin).
The severity of overdose symptoms depends on the dose taken. With mild intoxication, the following reactions are observed:
- disorientation;
- excessive and prolonged sedation;
- increased heart rate;
- slight increase or decrease in blood pressure.
More severe consequences (including death) are also possible, which most often occur when doses are taken too high or in combination with other medications. For example, when combined with drugs that have serotonergic activity, serotonin syndrome often develops. It is characterized by:
- increased body temperature;
- muscle rigidity;
- sudden contractions of muscle tissue;
- general deterioration in condition with possible rapid fluctuations in vital signs;
- confusion;
- irritability and extreme agitation;
- development of delirium;
Delirium
- coma.
If there are any signs of intoxication, the patient should be taken to a medical facility as soon as possible. There he is given gastric lavage and prescribed sorbents and laxatives. Next, symptomatic therapy is used. Throughout treatment, it is important to monitor the activity of vital organs.
Drug interactions
Preparations containing mirtazapine should not be combined with MAO inhibitors. This can lead to negative consequences and death. Other types of pharmacological interactions:
- Mirtazapine enhances the sedative effect of benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, and opiates.
- Combination with drugs that have serotonergic activity (venlafaxine, tryptophan, drugs containing lithium or St. John's wort) can lead to serotonin intoxication (read also the drug Venlafaxine).
- Inducers of citrochrome P 450 (phenytoin, carbamazepine) reduce the concentration of mirtazapine in the blood plasma. If they are taken simultaneously, the dose of mirtazapine should be increased.
- Cimetidine and ketoconazole increase the concentration of mirtazapine.
- The drug should be taken with caution in combination with azole antifungals, erythromycin, nefazodone and HIV protease inhibitors and warfarin.
It is not recommended to drink alcoholic beverages while taking the medication. They contain ethyl alcohol, which, when combined with antidepressants, contributes to central nervous system depression.
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Side effects
Before using Mirtazapine Canon, the instructions for use and reviews must be carefully studied, as there may be certain contraindications and side effects when using this medicine.
Side effects may masquerade as symptoms of depression. To establish the exact cause of this condition, a consultation with a psychotherapist is required. Undesirable manifestations can be divided according to the frequency of occurrence and the systems that are affected. These should include the following:
- inhibition of the hematopoietic process, thrombocytopenia, anemia;
- increased appetite, weight gain;
- irritability, anxiety, hallucinations;
- absent-mindedness, drowsiness, dizziness, headache;
- decreased blood pressure;
- nausea;
- allergy;
- joint pain.
Abruptly stopping treatment with an antidepressant may lead to withdrawal symptoms. It often goes away on its own, but is accompanied by irritability, nausea and anxiety.
Negative reactions from people
The product "Mirtazapine" also has negative reviews. They are not associated with the ineffectiveness of the drug, but with its side effects. So, some people note that after using these tablets, severe sedation appears, that is, it is difficult to wake up in the morning. You can walk around with a foggy head all day. Some patients also report problems with swallowing. In addition, women and men complain of a strong increase in appetite. And this ultimately leads to excess weight gain.
Also, some patients write that Mirtazapine tablets have serious side effects. People note a significant decrease in immunity as such undesirable manifestations. Some patients noticed that after treatment with this medication their health deteriorated significantly, they began to suffer more from viral illnesses.
Price is also one of the negative aspects. Many people simply cannot afford this product. Therefore, some are looking for a replacement for Mirtazapine tablets.
Contraindications
It is forbidden to take Mirtazapine in case of renal or liver failure, pregnancy, breastfeeding, hypersensitivity to the components of the composition, lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome. The drug is prescribed with caution when:
- epilepsy, organic brain lesions;
- liver and kidney dysfunctions;
- acute cardiovascular diseases;
- arterial hypotension;
- urinary disorders caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia;
- angle-closure glaucoma;
- diabetes mellitus
How to store?
The medicine should be stored in a dry place, protected from the sun. Permissible storage temperature is from +2 to +30 degrees Celsius. You should also keep this medication away from children's eyes and hands. Children should not be allowed to have access to this drug. After all, they will be interested in opening the package, taking out the pills, and counting them. And perhaps it will even occur to someone to try them. Therefore, adult family members should protect children and determine any drug, including Mirtazapine tablets, higher and deeper.
The shelf life of the medicine is 3 years from the date of production.
The drug is available only by prescription, so any attempt at self-prescription will end in failure for the person. The pharmacist simply will not sell him this drug, since he will require a written prescription from a doctor.
Now you know everything about the drug “Mirtazapine”: instructions for its use, contraindications, restrictions, cost were described in detail in the review. You realized for yourself that depression is a rather serious mental condition that needs to be treated with the help of a specialist. After all, only a doctor can help get rid of this disorder by prescribing treatment, which will necessarily include taking an antidepressant.
Overdose
If a person accidentally or intentionally takes this drug in a large dose, he may experience health problems such as severe drowsiness, memory loss, disorientation, and rapid heartbeat. In this case, the patient needs help. It is necessary to give him activated charcoal and immediately call an ambulance or take him to the nearest poison control center yourself. Otherwise, the consequences of an overdose may be disastrous.
Is depression a disease or a symptom?
Unfortunately, many people do not take this phenomenon seriously. Depression is an affective disorder that manifests itself in decreased mood, loss of interest in doing anything, and fatigue. It may have negative health effects. For example, if a person remains in a state of depression for a long time, then his body begins to quickly deplete, and his heart begins to work poorly. This could ultimately be fatal. Depression can make a person an alcoholic or drug addict. In addition, if, for example, a man is in such a state, then soon his family will collapse, he will lose his job, etc. Therefore, it is very important to understand that depression is not a harmless problem that should not be paid attention to. This is truly a mental disorder that requires qualified help. Doctors often prescribe special medications to help cope with depression. Such drugs include Mirtazapine. This medication has saved many people from loneliness, mental imbalance and depression.
Reviews
Tatyana, 45 years old
After the loss of my husband, I began to withdraw more and more into myself; I first developed anxiety, and then depression. I couldn’t get out of it on my own, so I turned to a doctor for help. He advised me to take a course of Mirtazapine tablets. I liked their effect - they work gently but effectively, and saved me from depression in six months.
Anatoly, 49 years old
I was fired from my favorite job, which made me very sad. I started drinking, withdrawing into myself, and couldn’t find a new place to work. I began to have thoughts of suicide, but my wife saved me. She literally forced me to go to the doctor and get tested. He prescribed me the medicine Mirtazapine. At first it didn’t help, but after a month I felt clearer in my thoughts.
Ekaterina, 37 years old
I experienced great grief - my parents passed away. I didn’t want to do anything, I was constantly sleeping, and if I was awake, I would take it out on other people and even on children. My husband took me to a psychiatrist for help. He prescribed Mirtazapine tablets. They immediately helped me regain interest in life, but I need to complete the entire course to normalize my mental state.
Alexander, 34 years old
I became depressed because my wife left me. She didn't love me anymore. I began to withdraw into myself and didn’t show up at work because I wasn’t interested. Friends said I should take antidepressants, but I didn't want to take pills. I couldn’t get out of a long-term depression on my own, so I started using Mirtazapine while I was just starting out.
Responses from doctors
Experts speak only positively about this drug. According to them, this medication can lift a person out of such a difficult emotional state as depression. Many people think that this is not a serious problem. However, doctors agreed on one opinion: depression is a very dangerous disease that can lead to bad consequences. After all, if you do nothing and don’t help a person change his attitude towards life, then the patient may even end up committing suicide. This is why it is so important to contact a specialist if you or someone you know or a relative is experiencing severe depression. And let other people say that Mirtazipine can lead to side effects, but doctors insist: it can save a person’s life. Therefore, doctors strongly recommend this medication to their patients. After all, nothing can be more valuable than your own life. Therefore, you should not waste money on this drug, but it is better to undergo treatment once and forget about such a phenomenon as depression.
General information
It is a modern tetracyclic antidepressant developed by the famous pharmaceutical company Organon International and is used not only to eliminate signs of depression, but also as a mild sedative and hypnotic (in small doses). Due to the fact that Mirtazapine is one of the new generation of antidepressants, it has the following distinctive advantages in comparison with previous analogues: its composition is natural, there are no synthetic additives, which means there is much less harm to the body when taken. It does not cause addiction in patients and provides a quick effect that lasts all day. The production of the happiness hormone is activated, and positive emotions are awakened in the patient, allowing them to fight a deep depressive state.
Important points
— Application. "Mirtazapine" is a drug whose action is aimed at improving the emotional state of the patient. It should be used consciously and not skip taking pills. If for some reason a person forgot to take a pill, then you need to swallow the next dose of the drug, as usual, before going to bed. However, it is not worth doubling the number of tablets.
— Deadlines. It is necessary to take the medicine throughout the entire treatment period, even if the patient feels better before the end of the therapy prescribed by the doctor.
- Unpleasant sensations. If, after taking the pill, your mouth suddenly begins to feel dry, you can chew gum or caramel candy.
Where is the best place to buy?
Some people complain that Mirtazapine is very expensive in the pharmacy. But if you look for it on the Internet, you can find this medication there at better prices. And this is really true. After all, when selling a drug via the Internet, the manufacturer does not pay money for rent and does not include the salaries of pharmacists. Therefore, the price of the medicine will be lower. To save money, people can actually order Mirtazalin through the World Wide Web and pick it up at the pharmacy. After all, if the drug is delivered to your home, then the price can double. Another advantage of buying a medicine on the Internet is that a person will already know for sure that the medicine is available. But it often happens: having gone to a pharmacy and asking about this or that product, people see that the pharmacist simply shakes his head, saying that it is not in stock. In order not to waste your time and money, it is better to try to order this drug via the Internet.
Positive feedback from people
The drug "Mirtazapine" has different reviews. People generally respond favorably to him. So, the remedy really helps to overcome depression and overcome insomnia. In addition, many men note that the drug does not reduce libido and potency, which is very important for the stronger sex. At the same time, no delay in ejaculation or dulling of sensitivity is observed either. Many people like the speed of action of this drug: after 2 weeks of use, their health improves significantly. The patient's sleep becomes healthy, bright and lively.