Coordination of movement is impaired. What to do if you feel dizzy, have poor coordination and feel nauseous

Any discomfort that we experience should alert us and prompt us to undergo examination by specialists. Likewise, frequent dizziness, which bothers us with enviable constancy, is an alarming signal that cannot be ignored. After all, this can be a symptom of a variety of diseases, ranging from banal vitamin deficiency to stroke. Let's take a closer look at what can cause regular dizziness and how to deal with this unpleasant condition.

Description of the disease

There are many causes of severe dizziness

Identified ataxia, in which intense dizziness is present, resulting in loss of coordination of movements, indicates the development of a serious illness in the patient.

This condition can cause not only an unsteady gait and the possibility of falling, but also the likelihood of fainting.

The periodic swirling of objects in front of the eyes is such a common occurrence that medicine has distinguished two types of vertigo: peripheral and central. Additionally, physiological as well as systemic ones were connected.

Central vertigo occurs due to problems with functioning in the brain or the development of disorders in the hemispheres. The possibility of rotation appearing before the eyes of the outside world is the development of a tumor or the occurrence of a serious injury.

If peripheral type vertigo is detected, the cause is pathological changes in the vestibular nerve. The physiological type develops with a lack of glucose in the patient’s circulatory system, as well as with systematic fatigue. This type of loss of control over the outside world and one’s own coordination is the least harmless.

The systemic circling of objects in front of the eyes is stimulated by changes in the functioning of the system, which should control the coordination of movement and the ability to maintain balance when moving.

Loss of control over one’s own movements and intense dizziness that periodically repeats with increased frequency almost always entails trouble. Such symptoms symbolize that neurological or mental disorders are present in the human body.

Some patients experience short-term loss of coordination as a result of dizziness due to abrupt rise from bed or other plane early in the morning. This situation is called orthostatic collapse.

Treatment of movement coordination disorders

Since problems of the vestibular system are caused by pathologies, it is necessary to eliminate the provoking cause. Treatment of coordination problems when walking begins with gymnastics. Movements help the vestibular system adapt to the existing pathology. The patient is asked to perform corrective exercises that irritate the receptors of the peripheral parts.

With repeated exercise, addiction occurs and the symptoms subside. To normalize blood circulation, the neurologist prescribes appropriate medications - Cinnarizine, Flunarizine, in severe cases - hormones, and massage is prescribed. However, it is not always possible to restore coordination.

The human body is the most complex system imaginable. We don't think about how to take a step or clench our hand into a fist. But to ensure even the simplest movement, a whole cascade of reactions and interactions is needed, starting from awareness of the need to perform a particular action and to transmitting an impulse to the muscle. And all this is coordinated and controlled by the human nervous system. If at least one of the links fails, a violation of coordination of movements occurs, when a person loses the ability to perform precise processes, instability appears when walking, in severe cases the patient is unable to even get out of bed and needs constant assistance.

More often, problems with coordination are observed in people of older age groups. As the body ages, the activity of the nervous system slows down somewhat. In addition, with age, a certain “baggage” of diseases accumulates, which can cause impaired coordination of movements (discoordination). The most susceptible to pathology are people who have worked with small parts for many years, as well as people suffering from vascular pathology, with a history of injuries to the nervous system or musculoskeletal system, and abusing alcohol and drugs.

How it manifests itself

When a person is dizzy, they sway from side to side

At the moment of dizziness, it seems to the patient that all the objects around him began to rotate in a circle. In such a situation, the patient loses any coordination and begins to sway from side to side.

Dizziness and its effects may last only a few seconds or be present for a long period of time.

It is good if the patient has time to linger behind a piece of furniture or a wall. Failure to do so may result in serious injury caused by a fall.

Additional symptoms that signal the development of a pathological condition are:

• Darkness before my eyes
• Weakness in all parts of the body
• The exit of eaten food from the stomach
• Fever and fever
• Painful sensations in the temples
• Increase in blood pressure
• Severe pain in the head and ears from the moment you wake up
• Nausea in the morning

The main sign of impending dizziness and loss of orientation in space is pain so strong and throbbing that it compresses the temples and prevents normal thinking. If you identify such signs of pathology, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Prevention of dizziness

In order to eliminate frequent attacks of dizziness or prevent them, a number of actions are required. Namely, it is desirable to implement:

• giving up alcohol and smoking;
• exclusion of table salt from the diet;
• reducing daily coffee consumption;
• daily exercise, especially for those who lead a sedentary lifestyle;
• consumption of foods that contain a large amount of vitamins;
• balancing work and rest;
• eliminating stress;
• exclude sudden movements of the head and cervical spine;
• regular trips to nature;
• traveling on transport that does not cause motion sickness;
• purchasing an orthopedic mattress that will improve sleep and rest.

Sleeping on high-quality furniture or a mattress will prevent bending of the torso and strong bending of the cervical and lumbar spine, which will prevent the formation of pinching.

Prevention is considered the best treatment for dizziness, since it is much easier to prevent the disease than to subsequently face serious complications. Treatment should only be carried out under the guidance of a specialist, as self-medication can lead to a worsening of the condition. In addition to all the above preventive measures, it is advisable to pay a lot of attention to rest, sleep, and also visiting places with excellent ecology.

Reasons for appearance

Myocardial diseases can lead to dizziness

The manifestation of a pathological condition is the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, to begin the treatment process, it is recommended to identify the causes that stimulate the problem:

• Head problems - injuries, concussions, bruises, any injuries received in the past periods and years
• Injury to the eardrum due to the provoked formation of pressure in the ear
• Viral or cold-type diseases that were previously suffered, resulting in inflammation in the middle ear
• Intoxication of the whole body caused by poisoning with various substances, food or drugs
• Neoplasms in the brain
• The accumulation of a pathogenic fluid called endolymph in the middle ear cavity provokes Meniere's disease.
• Development of epilepsy, frequent migraines
• Detection of autoimmune diseases (diabetes mellitus)
• Pathological situations that record diseases such as osteochondrosis or spondylosis
• Diseases of the circulatory system, as well as the myocardium, due to which there is a disruption in the normal flow of blood flow

Diagnostics

To make an accurate diagnosis, the specialist conducts a series of studies. If you have frequent attacks, you should contact a neurologist. The doctor prescribes the following methods:

1. Audiometry. Aimed at setting the degree of hearing sensitivity.
2. Magnetic resonance or computer diagnostics. They are the most effective research methods that allow us to establish the presence of neoplasms of various types. In some cases, a contrast agent is used to identify areas of circulatory disturbance.
3. Ultrasound examination of the vessels of the spinal column. Also used to determine the condition of blood vessels.
4. Laboratory research. Women suffering from orthostatic collapse are prescribed blood and urine tests. This allows you to determine the presence of inflammation and infections.

A consultation with a neurosurgeon, cardiologist, oncologist and therapist is also scheduled. In certain cases, the patient requires the help of a psychologist.

• Analysis of complaints and medical history:

– how long ago did the first complaints of unsteadiness of gait and lack of coordination of movements appear;

– did anyone in the family have similar complaints;

– whether the person took any medications (benzodiazepines, barbiturates).

• Neurological examination: assessment of gait, coordination of movements using special tests (finger-to-nose and knee-heel), assessment of muscle tone, strength in the limbs, the presence of nystagmus (oscillatory rhythmic eye movements from side to side).
• Examination by an otolaryngologist: balance test, ear examination, hearing assessment.
• Toxicological analysis: search for signs of poisoning (residues of toxic substances).
• Blood test: may detect signs of inflammation in the blood (increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (red blood cells), number of leukocytes (white blood cells)).
• Concentration of vitamin B12 in the blood.
• EEG (electroencephalography): this method evaluates the electrical activity of different parts of the brain, which changes in various diseases.
• CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) of the head and spinal cord make it possible to study the structure of the brain layer by layer, identify violations of the structure of its tissue, and also determine the presence of ulcers, hemorrhages, tumors, and foci of decay of nervous tissue.
• MRA (magnetic resonance angiography): the method allows you to evaluate the patency and integrity of the arteries in the cranial cavity, as well as detect brain tumors.
• A consultation with a neurosurgeon is also possible.

Risk factors

Stress is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases leading to dizziness

When identifying a pathological situation provoked by the development of cardiovascular diseases, some risk factors are identified that cause the problem to develop:

• Stress, severe fatigue, constant physical or intellectual stress
• Diseases of the cold or viral type, suffered on the legs
• Reduced human activity, predominantly sedentary pastime
• Genetic predisposition to cardiovascular pathologies
• Congenital heart muscle defects
• Addictions: alcohol, nicotine and drug addiction, unhealthy diet

The identified risk factors stimulate the mechanisms of disruption of normal blood circulation in the systems, which leads to pathologies of impaired elasticity of the walls of blood capillaries, the appearance of atherosclerosis and changes in lipid balance.

Therefore, it is so important to immediately begin therapeutic intervention when identifying the first prerequisites for the development of pathology.

Symptoms of ataxia

Typical imbalances are often caused by cerebellar lesions. It is difficult for the patient to remain in one position. When walking, he spreads his legs wide and swings his arms chaotically. In the severe stage, he cannot sit, stand, or hold his head up without assistance. The vestibular form develops when one of the elements of the vestibular apparatus is damaged. Patients with encephalitis and cerebellar tumors suffer. Main symptoms:

• sense of rotation of objects;
• motion sickness;
• nausea;
• loss of orientation, dizziness.

The cortical form develops when the function of the fronto-pontocerebellar system is impaired. In addition to typical manifestations, the psyche changes, the grasping reflex weakens, and odors disappear. Causes of the condition: abscesses, problems with cerebral circulation. They also distinguish between kinetic, sensitive, and static ataxia with subjective symptoms.

Important! One of the dangerous symptoms is blockage of the auditory artery.

Thrombosis or embolism interferes with blood flow, causing severe pain, ataxia, noise, and loss of stability. With partial blockage, the patient suffers from high-frequency sounds. The phenomenon is fraught with stroke and one-sided deafness. Attacks of Meniere's disease - dropsy of the endolymphatic space - are associated with impaired blood flow. Usually there is noise in anticipation of an attack. With chronic attacks, hearing decreases and the perception of individual sounds is difficult. Vestibular neuritis occurs after infectious diseases. In addition to the classic symptoms, spontaneous rotatory nystagmus is observed with rotation of the eyes across and along the orbit. After treatment, the syndrome of incoordination disappears after 3 days. After 60 years, vertebrobasilar insufficiency may develop. The disease is typical for people over 60. The causes of loss of balance are: cerebellar strokes, middle ear ischemia, problems with the vestibular nerve. Subjective signs: falls, nasal pronunciation of sounds, double vision.

When to see a doctor

You should definitely consult a doctor if dizziness is accompanied by surges in blood pressure

When pathology is identified, it is impossible to establish a correct diagnosis, but such symptoms enable the doctor to identify a course of diagnosis and determine a plan for examining the patient.

There are situations in which you need to consult a doctor:

• Decreased hearing
• Periodic loss of consciousness
• The head suddenly begins to spin and everything around
• Intensive type of unsteadiness is detected when the patient is in an upright position
• False feeling that the body is moving or surrounding objects are starting to rotate
• Sudden jumps in blood pressure
• Manifestation of nausea, in some situations supplemented by profuse vomiting
• Frequently occurring intense pain in the brain
• Tremor of limbs
• Problems with orientation in space
• New weakness not previously present
• Changes in gait clarity, unsteadiness

Emerging symptoms become a signal to seek medical help. In some cases, this kind of problem occurs in women during pregnancy. But if the detected signs of illness appear in an adult or, even worse, in a child, then it is urgently necessary to undergo diagnostics and identify the developing pathology.

Based on the data obtained, after examination and tests, effective treatment is prescribed, which allows you to get rid of frequent attacks in a short time. But subsequently, you should constantly monitor your own condition and resort to treatment if any prerequisites arise.

Diagnostic measures

The examination consists of examining the patient by an otolaryngologist, therapist, cardiologist, neurologist and vertebrologist. After audiometry, examination and collection of anamnestic data, assessment of the neurological condition and coordination, the following diagnostic measures are usually prescribed to the patient:

• CT or MRI of the brain and cervical spine;
• blood test for hemoglobin and glucose;
• scanning of neck and head vessels;
• EEG and ECHO-EG and brain;
• radiography of the spine;
• ECG, ultrasound of the heart.

If the presence of true dizziness is excluded, then the patient may have benign positional vertigo. In this case, the Dix-Hallpike test is used to detect nystagmus.

First aid

Usually, the prerequisites for the development of strong whirling of objects in the head and disorientation appear spontaneously; a person is not able to independently make efforts and help himself.

If a situation occurs in which a person is observed to show signs of dizziness and loss of coordination, the following first aid skills are applied:

1. Position the patient with his head elevated
2. Try not to turn your head to the sides
3. Open windows or doors to quickly let in fresh air
4. Whiskey should be moistened with vinegar, and a damp bandage should be placed on the forehead.
5. Check blood pressure, measure body temperature and heart rate
6. Call an ambulance if possible
7. Do not allow the patient to independently assume a vertical position

Dizziness can develop due to fasting, so if such an illness is detected, it is recommended to eat a small amount of food. This process leads to normalization of the general condition.

If the pathology appears due to nervous stress, it is recommended to administer a sedative and give the body a rest.

ENT pathologies

As already mentioned, dizziness is a disease that occurs due to a disturbance in the functioning of the vestibular apparatus or due to an inflammatory process that occurs in the ear canals and near the peripheral nerve fibers. There are also reasons that can trigger the formation of dizziness.

1. Tumor-like formation in the inner ear.
2. The presence of vestibular neuritis, which manifests itself against the background of a viral, vascular or autoimmune pathology.
3. Meniere's disease, in which dizziness occurs due to the accumulation of fluid in the cavity of the inner ear, putting pressure on the nerve tissue. This disease is non-inflammatory in nature and can manifest itself in the form of many attacks, which become more frequent as the condition worsens and in the absence of treatment, well-structured and individually selected.
4. Injury to the inner ear.
5. The presence of purulent processes or inflammation of the inner ear. This may be the penetration of water into the ear canals, or severe hypothermia. It is worth carefully monitoring the ear canals, as well as drying them after swimming and taking a bath.
6. Otosclerosis.
7. Vascular ischemia in the hearing organs.
8. Kinetosis.
9. Benign positional vertigo, which occurs when there is a sudden change in the position of the body or, in particular, the head. In other words, when there is a malfunction of the vestibular apparatus, which cannot keep up with the actions of the body. In this case, you need to see a doctor and resolve this issue.

How to help yourself at home

If dizziness begins and the patient is left alone with the problem, do not hesitate. It is recommended that every person know how to behave in such a situation:

1. No need to fall into hysterics and panic
2. You should sit on a chair, or better yet, lie on a bed or take any horizontal position
3. Try to keep your head straight, without turning it to the side
4. Calmly close your eyes and take slow, deep breaths in and out.
5. Find the place on your hand where the vein on the wrist pulsates and massage with your fingers
6. If attacks of malaise occur frequently, you should seek advice and help from a specialist.

If you feel unwell, if the temperature rises, there are intense painful sensations in the head, and other symptoms are added, then you need to urgently call an ambulance and seek help from a doctor.

Forecast

Dizziness with loss of coordination can accompany a person throughout his life

Periodically occurring dizziness and subsequent loss of coordination in space remains with the patient for the rest of his life.

Therefore, it is recommended to learn to live with such attacks: know how to behave in such a situation, constantly carry with you medications that return you to a normal state.

The main thing is to eliminate the reasons that provoke this condition. After neutralizing the factors, such attacks will be significantly reduced or disappear altogether.