Tarde's theory of imitation
In social psychology, the theory of imitation is presented as a phenomenon, where it is analyzed in such forms as imitating the behavior of a particular individual or copying norms that are observed in a group. Also distinguished are such forms as congruence (implementation of coordinated actions of the group), copying (displaying the exact actions of others in behavior), referentiality (copying or congruence to people who are not present in contact). The mechanism of imitation in psychology was studied by sociologist J. Tarde.
Tarde's theory of imitation is briefly built on three basic types of social processes: opposition, repetition, also known as imitation and adaptation. Accordingly, his basic social laws were the laws of imitation, adaptation, and opposition. But he singled out the law of repetition as the most important among them and gave it the most of his attention. He also said that imitation is a kind of hypnotic phenomenon. His theory is extended to the area of group and interpersonal interactions. A characteristic type in social terms is imitation, where the lower strata imitate the higher ones.
Tarde understood the process of imitation as the main explanatory principle of life, both personal and collective. He considered it a worldwide, permanent social phenomenon that contributes to the growth of the state, its economic development, religion, language, and other phenomena.
Social cognition is the knowledge of the process of imitation. Its occurrence is facilitated by internal and external causes, otherwise they are called logical, extra-logical
In external causes, he especially paid attention to social causes, which included economic, religious, political, linguistic and aesthetic influences
Tarde's theory rests on the fact that the fundamental acts of personal and social life appear as a consequence of imitation. This means that social interactions are based on such a relationship as “teacher-student”.
Tarde's theory of imitation influenced his followers, who insisted that there are three main types in society: mutual imitation, traditions (customs) and ideal. His theory analyzes this phenomenon in connection with the mutual actions of people.
Tarde's theory goes beyond the person and moves towards the consideration of interpersonal interaction. Tarde considers society to be a product of the interaction of personal consciousnesses through the transfer of information by people, their acquisition of beliefs, beliefs, intentions, and desires.
